France behind but moving
While Germany legalized recreational cannabis in April 2024 (personal use up to 25g),
France maintains a more conservative position — but CBD regulations have significantly loosened.
The French legal CBD market is now the largest in Western Europe.
In Switzerland, the THC threshold is 1%. In the Netherlands, medical cannabis is freely available in pharmacies.
In Spain, private consumption is not criminalized. France remains at 0.3% THC,
but the framework has stabilized and become more secure since 2022.
Germany vs France: 2026 legality comparison →